15 Quirky Questions (and Answers) About the English Language

Do you consider yourself an expert in the  English language? Wondering how much you still need to learn? Take a few minutes to test your knowledge of English with these 15 questions. The answer key is below. Quiz 1. Roughly what proportion of the worlds population is fluent or competent in English?(a) one person in 1,000(b) one in a 100(c) one in 10(d) one in four 2. Which country contains the largest English-speaking population in the world?(a) England(b) United States(c) China(d) India(e) Australia 3. In approximately how many countries does the English language have official or special status?(a) 10(b) 15(c) 35(d) 50(e) 75 4. Which of the following is probably the most widely used English word throughout the world?(a) dollar(b) okay(c) Internet(d) sex(e) movie 5. According to rhetorician I.A. Richards, a proponent of the simplified language known as Basic English, Even with so small a word list and so simple a structure it is possible to say in Basic English anything needed for the general purpose of everyday existence. How many words are in the lexicon of Basic English?(a) 450(b) 850(c) 1,450(d) 2,450(e) 4,550 6. The English language is conventionally divided into three historical periods. In which of these periods did William Shakespeare write his plays?(a) Old English(b) Middle English(c) Modern English 7. Which of the following is the longest word that appears in a play by William Shakespeare?(a) honorificabilitudinitatibus(b) sesquipedalian(c) antidisestablishmentarianism(d) disproportionableness(e) incomprehensibleness 8. An acronym is a word formed from the initial letters of a name. An eponym is a word derived from the proper name of a person or place. What term is used for a word thats derived from the same root as another word?(a) retronym(b) oronym(c) paronym(d) exonym 9. Which one of the following words is an example of an isogram?(a) destruction(b) racecar(c) sesquipedalian(d) buffet(e) palindrome 10. Which one of the following observations applies to the word typewriter?(a) Its the longest word that is typed with only the left hand.(b) Its a palindrome.(c) It appeared in Samuel Johnsons Dictionary of the English Language—several decades before the invention of the first typing machine.(d) Its the only word in English that doesnt rhyme with any other word.(e) It can be typed using only the top row of keys on a standard keyboard. 11. Which of the following is generally regarded as the first genuine dictionary in English?(a) The Elementarie by Richard Mulcaster(b) A Table Alphabeticall by Robert Cawdrey(c) Glossographia by Thomas Blount(d) Dictionary of the English Language by Samuel Johnson(e) An American Dictionary of the English Language by Noah Webster 12. Which of the following was Noah Websters best-selling book or pamphlet?(a) A Grammatical Institute of the English Language (popularly known as the Blue-Backed Speller)(b) Compendious Dictionary of the English Language(c) a booklet on global warming titled Are Our Winters Getting Warmer?(d) An American Dictionary of the English Language(e) a revision of the King James Bible 13. The sentence Natasha is a friend of Joans and a client of Marlowes contains two examples of which grammatical structure?(a) double comparative(b) double entendre(c) double genitive(d) double negativee) double superlative 14. What was novelist David Foster Wallaces name for a really extreme usage fanatic—someone who knows what dysphemism means and doesnt mind letting you know it?(a) grammaticaster(b) purist(c) SNOOT(d) language maven(e) prescriptivist 15. Which of the following terms refers to the substitution of a more offensive word or phrase for one considered less offensive?(a) dysphemism(b) euphemism(c) dramatism(d) orthophemism(e) neologism Answers 1. (d) According to David Crystal in  English as a Global Language  (2003), [A]bout a quarter of the worlds population is already fluent or competent in English, and this figure is steadily growing—in the early 2000s that  means  around 1.5 billion people. 2. (d) English is spoken by upwards of 350 million people in urban areas of India. 3. (e) The director of editorial projects for the  Oxford English Dictionary, Penny Silva, says that English has official or special status in at least 75 countries (with a combined population of two billion people). 4. (b) According to linguist Tom McArthur in  The Oxford Guide to World English, The form  OK  or  okay  is probably the most intensively and widely used (and borrowed) word in the history of the language. 5. (b) The list of 850 core words introduced in C.K. Ogdens 1930 book,  Basic English: A General Introduction With Rules and Grammar, is still used today by some teachers of English as a second language. 6. (c) The period of Modern English extends from the 1500s to the present day. Shakespeare wrote his plays between 1590 and 1613. 7. (a)  Honorificabilitudinitatibus  (27 letters) shows up in a speech by Costard in Shakespeares comedy,  Loves Labours Lost. O, they have  livd  long on the  almsbasket  of words. I marvel thy master hath not eaten thee for a word, for thou art not so long by the head as honorificabilitudinitatibus. Thou art easier swallowed than a flap-dragon. 8. (c) A word derived from the same root as another word is a  paronym  (similar to the rhetorical figure of  polyptoton). 9. (e) The word  palindrome  (which refers to a word, phrase, or sentence that reads the same backward or forward) is an  isogram—that is, a word in which no letters are repeated. 10. (e) It can be typed using only the top row of keys on a standard keyboard. 11. (b) Published in 1604, Robert Cawdreys  A Table Alphabeticall contained roughly 2,500 words, each matched with a synonym or brief definition. 12. (a) Originally published in 1783, Websters Blue-Backed Speller went on to sell nearly 100 million copies over the next century. 13. (c) Both a friend of Joans and a client of Marlowes are double genitives. 14. (c) In his review article Authority and American Usage, Wallace wrote, There are lots of  epithets  for people like this—Grammar Nazis, Usage Nerds, Syntax Snobs, the Grammar Battalion, the Language Police. The term I was raised with is SNOOT. 15. (a) See:  How to Flatter an Audience With Euphemisms, Dysphemisms, and  Distinction.

An Approach of Condition Monitoring of Induction Motor Using Mcsa - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2732 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/09/15 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT Volume 1, Issue 1, 2007 An Approach of Condition Monitoring of Induction Motor Using MCSA Neelam Mehla, Ratna Dahiya Abstract—With the industrial growth, it has become necessary to monitor the condition of the machine/system. Electrical machine being the most sensitive part has great importance for the researcher to monitor the faults diagnosis. Three phase squirrel cage motor is normally use for industrial purposes. Various techniques are used to control the speed such as DTC (Direct Torque Control), Vector Control, Close Loop Feedback Control etc. Small single phase Induction machine are used for home appliances hence the machine monitoring plays an important role for industrial as well as domestic appliances growth. Various fault detection method has been used in past two decades. Special attention is given to non-invasive methods which are capable to detect fault using major data without disassembly the machine. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "An Approach of Condition Monitoring of Induction Motor Using Mcsa" essay for you Create order The Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) is considered the most popular fault detection method now a day because it can easily detect the common machine fault such as turn to turn short ckt, cracked /broken rotor bars, bearing deterioration etc. The present paper discusses the fundamentals of Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) plus condition monitoring of the induction motor using MCSA. I. INTRODUCTION T he operators of induction motor drives are under continual pressure to reduce maintenance costs and prevent unscheduled downtimes that result in lost production and financial income. Many operators now use online condition-based maintenance strategies in parallel with conventional planned maintenance schemes. However, it is still the operator who has to make the final decision on whether to remove a motor from service or let it run based on information from condition monitoring systems. A crucial point about motor current signature analysis (MCSA) is that it is sensing an electrical signal that contains current components that are a direct by-product of unique rotating flux components caused by faults such as broken rotor bars, air gap eccentricity, and shorted turns n low voltage stator windings, etc. MCSA can detect these problems at an early stage and thus avoid secondary damage and complete failure of the motor [2, 4, 7, and 6]. It is true that broken rotor bars will result in a change to the vibration spectrum, but vibration is traditionally sensed at the bearings. And for each motor there is a different mechanical stiffness between the electromagnetic force s caused by broken bars and the position where the vibration is sensed. This adds an additional complexity when attempts are made to quantify the severity of the problem via vibration analysis. Electromagnetic forces are proportional to the flux density squared waveform in an induction motor [6, 7]. Hence, the vibration from unique electromagnetic forces from broken bars, etc. , is a second order effect compared to current components directly induced from the specific rotating flux waves. In many cases, the fault severity (e. g. , number of broken rotor bars) has to be serious before it can be detected by vibration analysis, and even then the prediction of fault severity is another order of magnitude more difficult. This is not the case with MCSA as has been proven via numerous industrial case histories. With respect to detecting airgap eccentricity problems, a similar reasoning applies as reported by Cameron, et al. [8], Tavner and Penman [9], and as demonstrated via industrial case histories by Thomson and Barbour, [10] and Thomson, et al. [11]. With respect to detecting shorted turns in low voltage stator windings then Thomson [12] has shown that MCSA can detect the fault before a phaseto-phase or phase-to-earth failure. It is therefore possible with a low voltage (LV) stator winding to have some lead time between shorted turns. Manuscript Received April 6, 2007; Revised Received July 27, 2007. The authors are with the National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India 13 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT Volume 1, Issue 1, 2007 Figure 1: Basic MCSA Instrumentation System. developing and actual failure. In comparison to a high voltage (HV, e. g. , 4160 V and above) induction motor, the time to failure with an inter fault will be very short indeed II. MOTOR CURRENT SIGNATURE ANALYSIS Motor Current Signature Analysis (MCSA) is a system used for analyzing or trending dynamic, energized systems. Proper analysis of MCSA results will assist the technician in identifying: 1. Incoming winding health 2. Stator winding health 3. Rotor Health 4. Air gap static and dynamic eccentricity 5. Coupling health, including direct, belted and geared systems 6. Load issues 7. System load and efficiency 8. Bearing health III. BASIC STEPS FOR ANALYSIS There are a number of simple steps that can be used for analysis using MCSA. The steps are as follow: 1. Map out an overview of the system being analyzed. 2. Determine the complaints related to the system in question. For instance, is the reason for analysis due to improper operation of the equipment, etc. nd is there other data that can be used in an analysis. 3. Take data. 4. Review data and analyze: 4. 1. Review the 10 second snapshot of current to view the operation over that time period. 4. 2. Review low frequency demodulated current to view the condition of the rotor and identify any load-related issues. 4. 3. Review high frequency demodulated current and voltage in order to determine other faults including electrical and mechanical health. Most faults can be determined at a glance, with many rules being similar for both MCSA and vibration analysis. In addition, there are several rules that should be considered: 1. Pole pass frequency (ppf) sidebands around the line frequency indicate rotor bar faults. The higher the peaks, the greater the faults. 2. Harmonic pole pass frequencies often relate to casting voids or loose rotor bars. 3. Non-ppf sidebands that cause a ‘raised noise floor’ around the line frequency peak normally relate to driven load looseness or other driven problems. 4. ‘Raised noise floor’ signatures relate to such things as looseness or cavitation. 5. Peaks that show in current and voltage relate to electrical issues, such as incoming power. Peaks that show in current only relate to winding and mechanical faults. 6. Peak pairs that do not relate to running speed or line frequency are most often bearing related problems. Induction motors are the most widely used electrical machines. Therefore, many researchers have studied motor diagnosis methods to prevent sudden stop in motor system. If there are slightly damaged motors, which have been operating for a long time without symptoms, entire system including these motors can be very dangerous and these motor may be seriously damaged . Preventive measures should be periodically taken in order to protect motors and systems including motors. This is the most efficient way to keep motor operating continuously in healthy conditions. 14 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT Volume 1, Issue 1, 2007 Figure 2: Overall MCSA Strategy. IV. THEORY OF MCSA A full mathematical analysis (with experimental verification) of a three-phase induction motor operating with broken rotor bars was published by Williamson and Smith (1982)—this gives an excellent in-depth analysis. A conceptual explanation is now presented to assist the reader in gaining a physical understanding of what happens in an induction motor with broken rotor bars. It is well known that a three-phase symmetrical stator winding fed from a symmetrical supply will produce a resultant forward rotating magnetic field at synchronous speed, and, if exact symmetry exists, there will be no resultant backward rotating field. Any asymmetry of the supply or stator winding impedances will cause a resultant backward rotating field from the stator winding. Now apply the same rotating magnetic field fundamentals to the rotor winding, the first difference compared to the stator winding is that the frequency of the induced voltage and current in the rotor winding is at slip frequency and not at the supply frequency: s = per unit slip, f1= supply frequency Hz, f2= sf1 Hz, f2= slip frequency of rotor currents Hz. The rotor currents in a cage winding produce an effective three- phase magnetic field, which has the same number of poles as the stator field but it is rotating at slip frequency (f2) with respect to the rotating rotor. When the cage winding is symmetrical, there is only a forward rotating field at slip frequency with respect to the rotor. If rotor asymmetry occurs, then there will be a resultant backward rotating field at slip frequency with respect to the forward rotating rotor. The result of this is that, with respect to the stationary stator winding, this backward rotating field at slip frequency with respect to the rotor induces a voltage and current in the stator winding at fsb =f1 (1-2s) Hz (1) This is referred to as a twice slip frequency sideband due to broken rotor bars. There is therefore a cyclic variation of current that causes a torque pulsation at twice slip frequency (2sf1) and a corresponding speed oscillation that is also a function of the drive inertia. This speed oscillation can reduce the magnitude (amps) of the f1 (1- 2s) sideband, but an upper sideband current component at f1(1+2s) is induced in the stator winding due to the rotor oscillation. This upper sideband is also enhanced by the third time harmonic flux. Broken rotor bars therefore result in current components being induced in the stator winding at frequencies given by: fsb =f1 (1 ±2s) Hz (2) 15 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT Volume 1, Issue 1, 2007 This gives  ±2sf1sidebands around the supply frequency component f1. These are the classical twice slip frequency sidebands due to broken rotor bars. These are sometimes referred to as the pole pass frequencies by condition monitoring practitioners, but this is not really an appropriate terminology and can cause confusion. The publications by electrical machine designers, researchers, and manufacturers always refer to the twice slip frequency sidebands due to broken bars, as can be verified by reading the references in this paper. Due to the variables that affect the frequency of these sidebands and their magnitude in amps (normally in dB in a MCSA system), the diagnostic strategy has to consider the following: †¢ Different rotor designs (effect of pole number and number of rotor slots, etc. ). †¢ A wide range of power ratings. †¢ Different load conditions. †¢ Mechanical load characteristics. †¢ Mechanical components in the drive train. These factors can significantly affect the diagnosis and need to be considered in the development of reliable MCSA instrumentation systems for three-phase induction motors. V. LOW VOLTAGE STATOR WINDING FAULTS The most common kind of faults related to stator winding of induction motors are: phase-toground, phase-to-phase and short-circuit of coils of the same or different phase. The last kind of fault is also called turn to turn fault. All these faults are classified as isolation faults and have several causes: hot spots in the stator winding (or stator core) resulting in high temperatures, loosening of structural parts, oil contamination, moisture and dirt, electrical discharges (in case of high voltage windings), slack core lamination, abnormal operation of the cooling system. Shortcircuit related faults have specific components in the stator current frequency spectrum. Incipient faults can be detected sampling the stator current and analyzing its spectrum. This procedure is on the base of MCSA Method. VI. ROTOR FAULTS Motor current signature analysis (MCSA) is one of the most spread procedures to detect rotor faults. In fact, a rotor bar breakage introduces two anomalous lines in the current spectrum far from the supply frequency line. The left-side component is caused directly by the fault, while the right-side component is caused by the consequent speed ripple. The sum of the amplitudes of these two components was proven to be a very good diagnostic index, suitably correlated to the fault severity for fabricated rotors. A drawback of this diagnostic procedure is the possible confusion with the motor current modulation produced by other events. As an example, pulsating load and particular rotor design also cause sideband current components. If the load variation frequency is near, the resulting current spectrum is similar to that of a faulted rotor, but the two causes can still be distinguished. A more difficult issue is that of the particular design of the rotor structure. In large motors, a spidered structure with the same number of legs and poles produces a magnetic asymmetry whose effect is the same of rotor electrical asymmetry. VII . FAULT DIAGNOSIS AND FUZZY LOGIC Fuzzy logic can systematically translate linguistic concepts to numbers and associate elements from a number set to concepts. This capability provides a simple method to analyze and interpret the frequency spectrum obtained for the stator current of induction machines. Fuzzy based algorithms and Fuzzy logic are well adapted to situations where no clear distinction between the concepts of true and false exists. Fuzzy logic can handle situations where the answer lies somewhere in-between. This is the typical case of machine fault diagnosis. In fact, in general it is a difficult task to establish the actual condition of a machine in terms of the existence or not of a defect. However, it makes more sense to classify a fault in terms of its degree of severity. Fuzzy logic permits to infer about the machine state and to establish its condition in different degrees of faulty condition. An important feature of Fuzzy based systems is that the human knowledge and experience can be integrated into the systems in a systematic way. This can be done when the Fuzzy sets and Fuzzy rules are being defined. This feature is even more important because the fault detection is in practice based on the human knowledge and experience, at least up to some degree. 16 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT Volume 1, Issue 1, 2007 VIII. CONCLUSION Motor Current Signature Analysis is an electric machinery monitoring technology. It provides a highly sensitive, selective, and cost-effective means for online monitoring of a wide variety of heavy industrial machinery. It has been used as a test method to improve the motor bearing wear assessment for inaccessible motors during plant operation. This technique can be fairly simple, or complicated, depending on the system available for data collection and evaluation. MCSA technology can be used in conjunction with other technologies, such as motor circuit analysis, in order to provide a complete overview of the motor circuit. The result of using MCSA as part of motor diagnostics program is a complete view of motor system health. A way forward is for the technology and intelligent diagnosis to be integrated into a technologically advanced hand-held instrument that is applicable to a diverse range of induction motor derives. It has to be appreciated that the operators requirements can be differ widely and an MCSA instrument must be able to cope with induction motor drives in power stations, Petrochemical refineries, offshore oil and gas production platforms, mining industry, paper mills and car industry. 1. 2. 3. 4. REFERENCES Thomson, W. T. and Orpin, P. , â€Å"Current and Vibration Monitoring for Fault Diagnosis and Root Cause Analysis of Induction Motor Drives,† Proceedings of Thirty-First Turbomachinery Symposium, Turbo machinery Laboratory, Texas AM University, College Station, Texas, pp. 61-67, 2002. Hargis, C. , Gaydon, B. G. , and Kamish, K. , â€Å"The Detection of Rotor Defects in Induction Motors,† Proceedings of IEE EMDA Conference, London, England, pp. 216-220, 1982. Thomson, W. T. , â€Å"Diagnosing Faults in Induction Motors Engineering Ideas,† Electrical Review, Vol. 215, no. 17, 1984. Thomson, W. T. and Rankin, D. â€Å"Case Histories of Rotor Winding Fault Diagnosis in Induction Motors,† Proceedings Second International Conference on Condition Monitoring, University College of Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom, 1987. 5. Kliman, G. B. and Stein, J. â€Å"Induction Motor Fault Detection via Passive Current Monitoring,† Proceedings of International Conference (ICEM’90), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, pp. 13-17, 1990. 6. Alger, P. L. , Induction Machines, New York, New York: Gordon and Breach, 1965. 7. Yang, S. J. ,â€Å"Low Noise Electric Motors,† Monographs in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, IEE, Savoy Place, London, England, 1981. . Cameron, J. R. , Thomson, W. T. , and Dow, A. B. , â€Å"Vibration and Current Monitoring for Detecting Airgap Eccentricity in Large Induction Motors,† IEE Proceedings, Vol. 133, no. 3, 1986. 9. Tavner, P. and Penman, J. , â€Å"Condition Monitoring of Electrical Machines†, Research Studies Ltd. , London, England: John Wiley Sons, 1987. 10. Thomson, W. T. and Barbour, A. , â€Å"On-line Current Monitoring and Application of a Finite Element Method to Predict the Level of Airgap Eccentricity in 3-Phase Induction Motors,† IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 347-357, 1998. 11. Thomson, W. T. , Rankin, D . , and Dorrell, D. G. ,â€Å"On-line Current Monitoring to Diagnose Airgap Eccentricity—An Industrial Case History of Large HV, 3-Phase Induction Motors,† IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 1999. 12. Thomson, W. T. , â€Å"On-Line MCSA to Diagnose Shorted Turns in Low Voltage Stator Windings of 3-Phase Induction Motors Prior to Failure,† Proceedings of IEEE Conference on Electrical Machines and Drives (IEMDC), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, 2001. 17

Fear And Its Effect On The Way People Act Toward One Another

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Strategic Management and Leadership for DET Policy- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Management and Leadership for DET Policy. Answer: Are all relevant key legislations included in the DET policy? The Department of Education and Training has planned and implemented different strategies to promote and maintain diversity in the workplace throughout Australia. In this regard, the department has prepared strategies that include the Workforce Diversity Plan 2012-2017, Aboriginal Human Resources Development Plan 2012-2017 and Strategic Human Resources Plan 2012-2017. The Workforce Diversity Policy has been created to ensure a workplace that encourages diversity in every aspect of life. It encompasses the students, parent and community. 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Women with equal qualities and skills are not appointed to higher ranks, be it in educational institutions or other organizations. Gender equality becomes all the more important at basic educational level because that shapes and molds the behavior and thinking of the students. An inclusion of the Gender Equality Act would have provided a push to the workforces to work together towards the betterment of the Australian society. Identify where in the existing Policy the principles of diversity are evident. Diversity refers to the inclusion of people in a society from different cultural backgrounds, gender, demography, ethnicity, region and religion. The current DET policy is committed towards encouraging diversity in the workplace that mirrors the multiplicity of the students, teachers, carers, parents and the community of NSW. The Workforce Diversity Plan 2012-2017 mentions the achievement of a workplace where each individual irrespective of his or her culture, ethnicity, physical ability, community or religion, shall be valued and respected. Respecting differences is one of the principles of diversity. Providing equal employment opportunity to the people of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, differently able people, non-English speaking people, women and younger people is included in the principles of WDP. Equality in employment is also a part of the principles of diversity. The Strategic Human Resources Plan 2102-2017, mentions that a higher and better representation of Aboriginal people in the workplace will be an indicator of the achievement of goals. This can be aligned to the principles of diversity especially in the Australian context wherein the Aboriginal people are given their rightful importance. In addition, the plan also aims to have 50% representation of women in higher positions by the end of 2017 that would ensure a successful implementation of the plan. Other indicators include 1.5% or higher presence of people with disability in the workplace, 19% representation of non-English speaking people, racially and ethnically distinct people and other minority groups. The intention to prepare a separate plan for the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people itself is evidence that supports the principles of diversity. The Aboriginal Human Resources Development Plan 2012-2017 aims to provide equal opportunities to the people of the deprived community to be a part of the workforce and achieve what they deserve. They will be given equal training to refine their skills and a platform to highlight them as well. Are the strategies and measures of success in the implementation documents relevant to the objectives in the policy? The DET Diversity Policy mentions wide range of objectives that it aims to achieve in the five years starting from 2012. The objectives include achieving skilled and diverse workforce reflecting diversity of the students, a workplace that encourages comprehensive practices for the profit of all employees, the education and other fields. In addition, providing better employment and opportunities to the under-represented through particular initiatives and plans also constitute the policy objectives. Other objectives are similar to the ones already mentioned. However, the last objective mentions the achievement of awareness amongst employees about their rights and duties in terms of equity, integrity and respect for diversity. A comparison of these objectives to the strategies and measures of success outlined in the three-implementation documents gives an insight into their relevancy. In the WDP 2012-2017, attracting and employing diverse workforce, developing and preserving the workforce and making this a part of everyday business are the three main strategies that are supposed to help in achieving the objectives. The strategies mentioned in the Aboriginals Human Resources Development Plan 2012-2017, like the WDP looks to enhance the participation of under-represented people with a special focus on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. These include, training the Aboriginal people to help them improve their managerial and leadership abilities, taking assistance from local communities to ensure better understanding and so on. As already mentioned, the Strategic Human Resources Development Plan 2012-2017 aims to apply strategies that include recruitment of best quality staff in all parts of Australia, partnering with local communities to empower under-represented individuals, devise innovative ways to do business to ensure everyone has a chance to display their talent and thus. The three-implementation documents mention the application of these strategies to achieve success by the end of the five-year plan. The measures of success for each plan is indicated by the achievement of a higher percentage of Aboriginal people in the workplace that includes students and teachers as well; increased percentage of women in senior roles, better representation of non-English speaking community , people from different race, ethnicity and minority groups. It is thus evident from the strategies and indicators of success that these can be related to the objectives mentioned in the policy. However, it remains to be seen to what extent these will be implemented and achieved. Review DET Annual Report for statistical data to identify trends for diversity and EEO issues The 2016 Annual Report of the NSW Department of Education provides statistics and information on the achievements and failures of the government to achieve its proposed objectives. In regards to the Workforce Diversity Plan, the Annual Report suggested an upward trend in the representation of women in educational institutions especially. According to the report, compared to the 73.4% representation of women in workplaces in 2012, the year 2016 saw an increase of 4%. In the senior leadership roles, the representation of women in senior leadership role exceeded the 50% benchmark by 1.1%. The benchmark of 2.6% representation of Aboriginal people in the workplace set by NSW government also saw a rise with 3.7% total representation in 2016. However, the stats showing representation of non-English speaking people witnessed a decline compared to previous years and did not even get close to the 19% benchmark set in the DET policy. With 3.2% representation of people with disability in 2016, t he trends suggest little deviation from previous years. Going by these statistics of the Annual report, it is evident that not much has been achieved yet as per the objectives and strategies of the Workforce Diversity Plan, the Aboriginal Human Resources Development Plan and the overall Strategic Human Resources Plan 2012-2017. In terms of the Equal Employment Opportunity, the Annual Report statistics showed no significant changes after the implementation of the DET Diversity Policy. Against the 100-benchmark set under the DET policy for EEO groups representing women, Aboriginal people, people with disability and non-English speaking people, only two groups saw a rise. People with disability and non-English speaking people stats increased by just four to 104 in 2016. The EEO issues too did not demonstrate much improvement even after the implementation of various plans. However, it must be stated that there is still time to review the effectiveness of these plans and hopefully the results would be remarkable. Make recommendations for improvement for the policy The DET Diversity Policy is a noble effort on the part of the NSW government and must be appreciated. Nonetheless, the visible trends and results indicate that sterner policies are required and better ways to implement are needed as well. Some recommendation can be made to improve or better the policy that include: Focus on the gender issue more specifically by introducing stricter legislation on Gender Equality Separate plan for non-English speaking population to ensure their equal representation Conducting awareness camps for people to train them regarding the policy Taking feedbacks from concerned people to include or reject any plan that suits the policy Initiating the first step by setting, an example to promote objectives likes appointing under-represented people to DET policy making team Hkansson and Isidorsson (2015) stated that before implementation of different diversity acts and regulations the institutions should make effective promotional activities with the help of which people in general can be aware of the acts and regulations. Discuss four relevant legislations and their impact on diversity in workplace Equal employment opportunity act strictly prohibits the organizational experts in maintaining discrimination at the workplace. This very specific act implies that people belonging to various geographical areas and religious backgrounds are competent for being the part of this institution like DET. Therefore, the administrative managers should never show their biased attitude in proving the platform (Hkansson and Isidorsson 2015). Gender Equality Act implies that both male and female should receive equal priority from the organization. In order to get a chance to be a learner of DET female employees had to face innumerable difficulties. As a result, the female learners would not get deprived of receiving effective learning process from the institution such as Department of Education and Training (Bjerkan, Nordtmme and Kummeneje 2013). Racial Discrimination Act ensures that an institution should not show their reluctant attitude in appointing an individual learning for the cause of racism. The purpose of an educational institution should be focusing on the skill and talent of an individual. An individual personality due to Aboriginal stature should never be ignored within a workplace. The Disability Discrimination Act 1992 defines that no individual shall be discriminated based on his or her physical, psychiatric, intellectual, learning or any other type of disability. The act also involves discrimination based on any illness like HIV or such. This act certainly has impact on workplace diversity, as it involves treatment of fellow colleagues as per their disability. This act ensures that peoples in the workplace especially in educational institutions respect the people with disability and allow them to grow together with others. 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